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Third and Fourth Quarter Results for Serotyping of Salmonellae from Meat and Poultry Products:
July–December 2006
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All tables and figures are available
as an attachment to this document (PDF Only).
Background
The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) issued the Pathogen
Reduction; Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (PR/HACCP) Systems,
Final Rule on July 25, 1996: Federal Register, Vol. 61, No. 144,
pp. 38805-38989 (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/
FRPubs/93-016F.pdf, PDF Only). The PR/HACCP rule sets Salmonella
performance standards for establishments slaughtering selected classes
of food animals or producing selected classes of raw ground products
to verify that industry systems are effective in controlling the contamination
of raw meat and poultry products with disease-causing bacteria. Raw
products with established performance standards include: carcasses
of cows/bulls, steers/heifers, market hogs, and broilers. Processed
products measured by performance standards include: ground beef, ground
chicken, and ground turkey. The performance standards for these product
classes are based on the prevalence of Salmonella as determined
from the Agency's nationwide microbiological baseline studies conducted
before PR/HACCP was implemented. In addition, turkey carcass sampling
for Salmonella was initiated June 2006. Guidance using young
turkey carcass baseline levels can be found in Federal Register, Vol.70,
No. 32, pp.8058-8060 (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/FRPubs/02-046N.htm
| PDF).
In February 2006, FSIS announced, in the Federal Register, Vol. 71,
No. 38, pp. 9772-9777, (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/
Frame/FrameRedirect.asp?main=
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/FRPubs/04-026N.htm) that quarterly
results from Salmonella verification testing would be posted
and that the Agency would be providing individual test results to
establishments before completion of a set. The Agency began publishing
quarterly reports of Salmonella results (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/
Q1_2006_Salmonella_Testing/index.asp; http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/
Q2_2006_Salmonella_Testing/index.asp) in 2006 and began a procedure
to notify establishments of individual results (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/
FSISNotices/36-06.pdf, PDF Only) on June 29, 2006. In addition,
the Agency began the quarterly reporting of Salmonella serotype
data as such data provides an opportunity to examine, still further,
the association among salmonellae isolated on-farm, from meat and
poultry products, and from human cases of salmonellosis. The Agency
recognizes that serotyping information alone does not provide definitive
associations.
Prior to 2006, there were two phases of the FSIS regulatory program for Salmonella in raw products:
non-targeted and targeted testing. Non-targeted or "A" set samples were collected at establishments randomly
selected from the population of eligible establishments, with a goal of scheduling every eligible establishment
at least once a year. Other codes (such as "B", "C", and "D") represented sample sets collected from
establishments targeted for follow-up testing following a failed set.
Beginning June 2006, establishments were scheduled based on new criteria
(http://www.fsis.usda.gov/science/
scheduling_criteria_salmonella_sets/index.asp) that are risk-based,
not random, and are designed to focus FSIS resources on establishments
with the most samples positive for Salmonella and the greatest
number of samples with serotypes most frequently associated with human
salmonellosis, as defined by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/
dbmd/phlisdata/salmonella.htm). While the first quarterly report
included only "A" set data, this report summarizes data from all sets.
The graphs in this report include all samples from July 2005 forward
so that this report is consistent with the 2006 third quarter progress
report on Salmonella testing (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/
Q3_2006_Salmonella_Testing/index.asp). Given the changes made
to the testing program in 2006 and recovery of only a few isolates
of a particular serotype during the quarter, trends in quarter-to-quarter
results should be interpreted with caution.
Results
- The number of isolates of each serotype, the percent of isolates
out of total positive, and the percent of isolates of total samples
collected are displayed in Tables 1-8 (July through September
[3rd Quarter]) and Tables 9-16 (October through December [4th
Quarter]) 2006.
- The ten most commonly isolated serotypes for each product class
during each quarter are identified by name, while less commonly
identified serotypes are included in the "other serotypes" category.
Where there is more than one serotype in tenth place, all serotypes
in tenth place are listed.
- Included in the tables are entries classified as "unidentified"
isolates for which a single specific serotype could not be determined.
- Figures 1-6 show quarterly, by product class, data for the top
six serotypes associated with human illness in 2005 (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/
mmwrhtml/mm5514a2.htm). The figures display the
percent of isolates identified out of total isolates serotyped
for each product class by quarter from July 2005.
- Serotype data for Turkey carcasses is reported in Table 8 and
16.
- The y-axis, representing the serotype percentage varies from
graph to graph because the level of different serotypes by commodity
varies greatly and year-to-year variations in percentages are
difficult to discern on one scale of high value.
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Last Modified:
June 29, 2007 |
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