Food Safety and Inspection Service FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
WASHINGTON, DC 20250-3700
FSIS/CDC/FDA SENTINEL SITE STUDY:

The Establishment and Implementation of an Active
Surveillance System for Bacterial Foodborne Diseases in the United States

February 1997

TABLES AND CHARTS

Return to the text of the Report to Congress.

Table 1: Percent Pathogen by Site

Table 2: Percent Site by Pathogen

Table 3: Cases per 100,000 by Pathogen for all Sites

Table 4: Cases per 100,000 by Pathogen by Site

Table 5: Pathogen by Month -- All Sites
Chart 1: Pathogen by Month -- All Sites
Table 6: Age Distribution by Pathogen for all Sites

Table 7: Sex Distribution by Pathogen for all Sites
Table 8: Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis Serotypes by Site
Chart 2: Salmonella Cases -- All Sites
Table 9: Patient Outcome by Pathogen for all Sites



Table 1: Percent Pathogen by Site

From January 1, 1996 to December 31,1996

Pathogen
Site Campylo- E. coli Listeria Salmon- Shigella Vibrio Yersinia Total
bacter O157 ella
CA Cases 1,161 22 13 394 367 5 11 1,973
Percent 58.8% 1.1% 0.7% 20.0% 18.6% 0.3% 0.6% 100%
CT Cases 260 34 14 281 107 1 18 715
Percent 36.4% 4.8% 2.0% 39.3% 15.0% 0.1% 2.5% 100%
GA Cases 318 15 11 394 475 4 64 1,281
Percent 24.8% 1.2% 0.9% 30.8% 37.1% 0.3% 5.0% 100%
MN Cases 859 238 10 660 160 4 25 1,956
Percent 43.9% 12.2% 0.5% 33.7% 8.2% 0.2% 1.3% 100%
OR Cases 669 75 15 413 142 3 17 1,334
Percent 50.1% 5.6% 1.1% 31.0% 10.6% 0.2% 1.3% 100%
Total Cases 3,267 384 63 2,142 1,251 17 135 7,259
Percent 45.0% 5.3% 0.9% 29.5% 17.2% 0.2% 1.9% 100%

This table shows the number of actual cases of illness caused by each pathogen in each site. Note that Campylobacter is the most frequently found pathogen.


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Table 2: Percent Site by Pathogen

From January 1, 1996 to December 31,1996

Site

Pathogen CA CT GA MN OR Total
Campylobacter Cases 1,161 260 318 859 669 3,267
Percent 35.5% 8.0% 9.7% 26.3% 20.5% 100%
E. coli O157 Cases 22 34 15 238 75 384
Percent 5.7% 8.9% 3.9% 62.0% 19.5% 100%
Listeria Cases 13 14 11 10 15 63
Percent 20.6% 22.2% 17.5% 15.9% 23.8% 100%
Salmonella Cases 394 281 394 660 413 2,142
Percent 18.4% 13.1% 18.4% 30.8% 19.3% 100%
Shigella Cases 367 107 475 160 142 1,251
Percent 29.3% 8.6% 38.0% 12.8% 11.4% 100%
Vibrio Cases 5 1 4 4 3 17
Percent 29.4% 5.9% 23.5% 23.5% 17.6% 100%
Yersinia Cases 11 18 64 25 17 135
Percent 8.1% 13.3% 47.4% 18.5% 12.6% 100%
Total Cases 1,973 715 1,281 1,956 1,334 7,259
Percent 27.2% 9.8% 17.6% 26.9% 18.4% 100%

This table shows the number of actual cases of illness caused by each pathogen in each site. Note the number of Yersinia cases in Georgia, partly due to an outbreak caused by chitterlings, and the high number of E. coli cases in Minnesota, caused partly by an outbreak in a daycare center.


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Table 3: Cases per 100,000 by Pathogen for All Sites

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Pathogen Rate per Total
100,000
Campylobacter 24.7 3,267
E. coli O157 2.9 384
Listeria 0.5 63
Salmonella 16.2 2,142
Shigella 9.5 1,251
Vibrio 0.1 17
Yersinia 1.0 135
Total 54.9 7,259

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Table 4: Cases per 100,000 by Pathogen by Site

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Rate per 100,000

Pathogen CA CT GA MN OR
Campylobacter 58.0 15.7 13.6 19.6 23.5
E. coli O157 1.1 2.1 0.6 5.4 2.6
Listeria 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.5
Salmonella 19.7 17.0 16.8 15.1 14.5
Shigella 18.3 6.5 20.3 3.7 5.0
Vibrio 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Yersinia 0.5 1.1 2.7 0.6 0.6
Total 98.4 43.3 54.7 44.7 46.8

These tables show the rate of cases per 100,000 population in the site.


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Table 5: Pathogen by Month--All Sites

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Month

Pathogen JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Total
Campylobacter 192 213 222 196 288 389 414 357 308 267 272 149 3,267
E. coli O157 7 11 6 4 13 57 69 65 93 39 13 7 384
Listeria 7 2 5 4 4 6 3 9 9 6 5 3 63
Salmonella 183 161 131 142 167 205 272 236 216 154 123 152 2,142
Shigella 106 101 106 76 95 90 135 140 111 120 120 51 1,251
Vibrio 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 5 4 3 0 0 17
Yersinia 24 17 6 11 4 8 10 8 4 12 10 21 135
Total 519 505 476 433 573 756 905 820 745 601 543 383 7,259

This table shows the number of actual cases for all sites for each month in 1996. Note that July has the greatest number of cases.


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Table 6: Age Distribution by Pathogen for All Sites

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Age Specific Strata

Pathogen UNK 0-<1 1-<10 10-<20 20-<30 30-<40 40-<50 50-<60 >59 Total
Campylobacter Cases 3 132 512 303 653 609 473 235 347 3,267
Percent 0.0% 4.0% 15.7% 9.3% 20.0% 18.6% 14.5% 7.2% 10.6% 100%
E. coli O157 Cases 1 17 156 64 32 26 21 26 41 384
Percent 0.3% 4.4% 40.6% 16.7% 8.3% 6.8% 5.5% 6.8% 10.7% 100%
Listeria Cases 0 8 1 3 4 6 3 4 34 63
Percent 0.0% 12.7% 1.6% 4.8% 6.3% 9.5% 4.8% 6.3% 54.0% 100%
Salmonella Cases 12 292 444 197 310 284 224 139 240 2,142
Percent 0.6% 13.6% 20.7% 9.2% 14.5% 13.3% 10.5% 6.5% 11.2% 100%
Shigella Cases 28 31 555 79 164 214 102 46 32 1,251
Percent 2.2% 2.5% 44.4% 6.3% 13.1% 17.1% 8.2% 3.7% 2.6% 100%
Vibrio Cases 0 1 0 2 1 4 2 4 3 17
Percent 0.0% 5.9% 0.0% 11.8% 5.9% 23.5% 11.8% 23.5% 17.6% 100%
Yersinia Cases 2 52 37 7 11 5 5 6 10 135
Percent 1.5% 38.5% 27.4% 5.2% 8.1% 3.7% 3.7% 4.4% 7.4% 100%
Total Cases 46 533 1,705 655 1,175 1,148 830 460 707 7,259
Percent 0.6% 7.3% 23.5% 9.0% 16.2% 15.8% 11.4% 6.3% 9.7% 100%

This table shows the number of cases by age group. The greatest number of cases involves children between the ages of 1 and 10 years.


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Table 7: Sex Distribution by Pathogen for All Sites

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Pathogen Male Female Total
Campylobacter Cases 1,724 1,531 3,255
Percent 53.0% 47.0% 100%
E. coli O157 Cases 175 208 383
Percent 45.7% 54.3% 100%
Listeria Cases 28 35 63
Percent 44.4% 55.6% 100%
Salmonella Cases 1,027 1,106 2,133
Percent 48.1% 51.9% 100%
Shigella Cases 650 581 1,231
Percent 52.8% 47.2% 100%
Vibrio Cases 10 7 17
Percent 58.8% 41.2% 100%
Yersinia Cases 68 67 135
Percent 50.4% 49.6% 100%
Total Cases 3,682 3,535 7,217
Percent 51.0% 49.0% 100%

This table shows the number of cases by sex.

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Table 8: Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis Serotypes by Site

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Site

Serotype CA CT GA MN OR Total
Typhimurium 73 64 116 200 107 560
Enteritidis 59 130 14 117 43 363
All Other 262 87 264 343 263 1,219
Total 394 281 394 660 413 2,142

There were 2,142 cases attributable to Salmonella, with 104 serotypes identified. The most frequently occurring by far were Typhimurium and Enteritidis.

Note the inconsistencies from site to site, suggesting that closer study is warranted.


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Table 9: Patient Outcome by Pathogen for All Sites

From January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996

Pathogen Total Unknown Dead
Campylobacter Cases 3,267 1,165 3
Percent 100% 35.7% 0.1%
E. coli O157 Cases 384 6 2
Percent 100% 1.6% 0.5%
Listeria Cases 63 3 9
Percent 100% 4.8% 14.3%
Salmonella Cases 2,142 318 16
Percent 100% 14.8% 0.7%
Shigella Cases 1,251 410 2
Percent 100% 32.8% 0.2%
Vibrio Cases 17 5 1
Percent 100% 29.4% 5.9%
Yersinia Cases 135 9 0
Percent 100% 6.7% 0.0%
Total Cases 7,259 1,916 33
Percent 100% 26.4% 0.5%

This table shows the number of known deaths of patients who tested positive for one of the seven targeted pathogens. Note that these deaths may or may not have been caused by the pathogen, but may be attributable to an underlying illness such as AIDS. Further case control study is warranted.
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